Pulmonology Coding Alert

Question: Thank you for your article last month about coding history of present illness (HPI). I have a follow-up question about HPI coding. One of our physician assistants believes that if she has an extended HPI, she can report the high-level E/M codes. We believe there’s more to it than that. Can you advise?

Codify Subscriber

Answer: No, an extended history of present illness (HPI) does not guarantee a higher-level E/M code but without an extended HPI you aren’t able to report a high-level E/M. Your physician must document an extended HPI to document a detailed or comprehensive history. An extended HPI is a requirement for 99203-99205 (Office or other outpatient visit for the evaluation and management of a new patient ...) and 99214-99215 (Office or other outpatient visit for the evaluation and management of an established patient ...).

Describing the history of present illness starts from the first symptom to the current condition and may include the location, quality, severity, duration, timing, context, modifying factors, and associated signs and symptoms. A brief HPI requires one to three elements. An extended HPI requires four elements or the status of three chronic or inactive conditions.   

Determining an overall level of service depends on three key components: history, medical examination, and medical decision making (MDM). The history portion of an E/M service requires all three elements — history of present illness (HPI), review of systems (ROS), and past medical, family and social history (PMFSH). Unlike the ROS and PFSH elements of a history, the HPI must be documented by the reporting provider.  

Since you determine the level of history for an encounter based upon more than just HPI, and you determine the overall service level based upon more than just history, extended HPI alone won’t guarantee the higher-level code.