Referral or Request for consult?
Bess begins: If a physician refers a patient to a surgeon (emphasis added by FTB)
The "red flag" to me is "refers." If the physician knows the patient needs surgery and is sending the patient to a surgeon for the procedure, then you do NOT have a consult.
If the physician asks the surgeon for a consultation regarding X problem, and on evaluation of the patient the surgeon determines that surgery is necessary, then you have a consult. And, yes, even if the surgery is performed that very day, you can still code the consult (with -57 modifier to signify the decision for surgery).
I used to explain it to my orthopaedic team this way ... if the pediatrician sends a patient to you because the child's leg is broken and the pediatrician wants you to treat the fracture, it's not a consult. If the pediatrician asks for your opinion on how to manage a scoliosis that he has noted, it's a consult, even if you decide that the condition warrants further treatment by you (up to and including spinal fusion).
F Tessa Bartels, CPC, CEMC