I don't know of any documentation guidelines, but a good resource I've used and shared with providers is section 210.4 of the Medicare coverage determination which you can find here:
https://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Guidance/Manuals/downloads/ncd103c1_part4.pdf
A couple of important points to note are:
'minimal counseling is already covered at each evaluation and management (E&M) visit' so, as you've noted, it's not sufficient to just say the provider counseled the patient not to smoke; and, that if you read through the guidelines it is apparent that this counseling is intended as a service to help a patient quit - not to tell them they should quit. In other words, this shouldn't be billed for time spent trying to convince a patient to stop smoking, but rather for the time spent counseling the patient on techniques and resources they can use to quit. So based on the this information, I advise my providers that they should document the medical issues that are affected by the smoking, that the patient is making an attempt to quit, the kind of counseling that was given to support the attempt, and of course, the amount of time spent. Hope this helps some!